The study investigated the histological presentation of the effect of Anarcardiumoccidentale stem – bark on cadmium – induced brain damage. Twenty-four wistar rats weighing 220 – 240 g were randomly assigned into Four groups A – D. Group A served as the normal control and received 3 mg/kg body weight of normal saline daily for four weeks. Groups B, C and D were given 2.5 mg/kg of cadmium injection intraperitoneally and were left for 72-hours. Group B served as induced control was left without any treatment, Group C served as low dose treated rats and received 20 mg/kg while Group D served as high dose treated rats and received 40 mg/kg body weight of AnacardiumOccidentale crude extract respectively for four weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last day of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and their brains harvested for routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) examination. Microscopic examination of the prefrontal cortex was carried out to access the morphology. From the study, the photomicrographs revealed that group B rats' prefrontal cortexes were seriously damaged, following the efficiency of cashew stem – bark as neuroprotective agent in the treatment of the damage caused by cadmium in group C and D respectively, the result suggests that the crude extract of Anacardiumoccidentale may reduce or annul the adverse effect caused by cadmium on brain.

Keywords: AnacardiumOccidentale, Prefrontal Cortex, Wistar Rat Antioxidant, Histoarchitecture, Ethanolic Extract