Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid19) pandemic, caused by Sars-Cov-2, poses an unprecedented dare to clinicians and strain on the healthcare system due to its high rate of infectivity (R˳) and mortality. The purpose of this study is to detect the effect of Sars-Cov-2 on total immunoglobulin among hospitalized patients at Khartoum state.
Methodology: this study is observational, case-control study design, conducted in quarantine center at Jabra hospital for emergency and injuries. PCR confirmed covid19 patients were identified, and non-covid19 individuals were recruited. About 3-4 ml of blood sample was withdrawn from each participant, the blood samples that obtained were centrifuged, and plasma that obtained was processed by using fully closed system, auto-chemistry analyzer CS-T180 (DIRUI), the principle of the test based on the turbidimetry.
Results: A total of 52 participants were enrolled in this study. Total plasma IgA, IgG, and IgM were measured for each participant, P. value ≤ 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. The study revealed that the total plasma IgA was higher than normal range in 7 patients (21.9%), and was lower in 1 patient (3.1%). The mean of total IgA was higher in study group compared to control group (P. value < 0.05). The study also showed that the total IgG was higher in 1 patient (3.1%). Also the mean of total IgG was higher in study group compared to control group (P. value < 0.05). The study found that the total IgM was lower in 3 patients (9.4%). Interestingly the mean of total plasma IgM was higher in control group compared to study group (P. value <0.05).
Conclusion: we conclude that the SARS-Cov-2 infections leads to increase in the total amount of IgA and IgG while decreases the total amount of IgM. Therefore, covid19 has direct effect on total immunoglobulin.
Keywords: Covid 19, Humoral immunity, Immunoglobulins, IVIG, Sars-Cov2, Sudan
