The research purpose to explain current radiation therapy methods used in cancer treatment. Also, the study aims to use the best methods of radiotherapy techniques to treat tumors for the most effectiveness, accuracy in targeting tumor volume while avoiding healthy tissues. Technologies of modern medical imaging such as CT scan, bone scan, MRI, SPECT scan, and PET/CT scan provide to show the human body anatomy detail and facilitate tumor area identification. Facilitates also the 3D treatment plan to the determination of GTV, CTV, PTV, ITV, and OAR accurately. Besides, the inverse planning system is generally used to provide appropriate doses to deep tumors with a sufficiently high radiation dose to target the tumor while sparing the near healthy tissue. IMRT, SRS, 3D-CRT, ITP, TPS, proton therapy, and proton therapy have also been used to create a 3D treatment plan for patients as in results and discussion. Radiation therapy using high-energy radiation doses in targeting the tumor for DNA damaged while keeping normal cells with the use of a dosimeter for high tumor-targeting accuracy and safe dose escalation.

Keywords: Radiation therapy, Radiosurgery, 3D treatment plan, Dosimeter