15th International Dermatology, Cosmetology & Allergy Summit
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Accepted Abstracts

Zoonotic Dermatophytosis: A Public Health Concern

Emenuga Veronica Ngozi*1, Uchendu Ikenna Kingsley1, Oyeka Silver Amaechi2.
 
1University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
2Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Citation: Ngozi EV, Kingsley UI, Amaechi OS (2021) Zoonotic Dermatophytosis: A Public Health Concern. SciTech Central Derma 2021. 
 

Received: February 15, 2021         Accepted: February 18, 2021         Published: February 18, 2021

Abstract

Background: Zoonotic dermatophytosis are fungal infections that can be transmitted from animal to man, they are caused by fungi belonging to the genera Trichophyton,(seen in cattle and sheep) and Microsporum(seen in cat and dogs). These fungi feed on keratin, a material found in the outer layer of skin, hair and nails. They colonize the animal skin and infect humans who come in contact with the animal resulting in dermatophytosis which may be chronic or recurrent. Method: A total of 100 Nomads from different animal ranches and 100 artisans in Enugu State were screened for cutaneous fungal lesions, the lesions were scraped, 10 cattles were also scraped for confirmation of zoonotic fungi and all the scrapings were inoculated unto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) plates containing 50mg/l chloramphenicol (S+C), the plates were incubated at 250C for 5days and some biochemical tests and lacto phenol cotton mount were done to identify the fungi. Results: Of the 200 samples, 149 had fungal growths, T. mentagrophytes 38(25.5%), T. verrucosum 27(18.1%), Candida albicans 22(14.8%), Aspergillus species 20(13.4%), Fusarium solani 18(12.0%) Geotricum candidum 14(9.4%), Penicillium spp 8(5.4%) and Microsporum gypsum 2(1.3%).  Trichophyton spp were the highest fungi isolated while Microsporum gypsum was the least. All the 100 samples from the Nomads yielded similar fungal growth as that seen on the cattles while out of the 100 samples from the artisans, only 49 yielded fungal growths and they were not zoonotic, there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the rate and type of fungal growth between the nomads and the artisans. These finding suggest that the Nomads are more exposed to the zoonotic infection from the animals and the animal farm and this poses great health risks because the infection is highly transmissible through fungal spores. Recommendation; Government should provide adequate medical facilities and adequately sanitized and clean animal farms for animal management. Nomads should undergo medical check regularly.
Keywords: Dermatophytosis, Zoonotic dermatitis, Normads, Artisans, Cattle ranches.