Brown tumors are giant cell focal lesion that arises as a result of abnormal bone metabolism in patients with hyperparathyroidism.The lesions localize in areas of extensive bone resorption, which is replaced by fibrovascular tissue and giant cells with abundant deposits hemorrhage and hemosiderin. It can affect the entire bony skeleton; the mandibular location remains exceptional.
We report a rare case of a 28-year-old patient, with a history of a chin swelling evolving for almost 1 year. Patient gives history of generalized weakness, and weight loss noticed since past few months. Her family history and past medical history was non-significant.
Radiographic examination with orthopantomogram showed the presence of two mandibular lesions. The histological examination revealeda giant cell tumor, evoking a brown tumor of the mandible, the diagnosis was confirmed by theinvestigations that revealed primary hyperparathyroidism profile on parathyroid adenoma of which the excision allowed the regression until complete disappearance of the mandibular tumor.The case of our patient illustrates the difficulty of establishing an exact diagnosis in patients with giant cell lesion and the importance of thinking about hyperparathyroidism, since the treatment of this endocrinopathy reduces the size of the tumor without resorting to surgeryand also discusses the diverse presentations associated with primary HPT.
This case emphasizes the importance of a detailed systemic investigation for all lesions in the maxillofacial region and also discusses the diverse presentations associated with primary HPT.
Keywords: Brown tumor, Giant cell lesion, Mandible, Primary hyperparathyroidism
Abbreviations: HPT: Hyperparathyroidism