The Initiation of Neonatal Hearing Screening by the Team pediatrician at the Service of Neonatology at the University Hospital of Marrakech Experience and Challenges
Fatiha Bennaoui1.2*, A. Lalaoui1.2, N. El Idrissi Slitine1.2, A. Raji3, Fmr Maouainine1.2
1Neonatal intensive care unit, Mother-Child Hospital, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Morocco
2Childhood, Health and Development, Research Laboratory, FMPM, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco
3ENT Department, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco.
Citation: Bennaoui F, Lalaoui A, El Idrissi NS, Raji A, Maouainine Fmr (2023) The Initiation of Neonatal Hearing Screening by the Team pediatrician at the Service of Neonatology at the University Hospital of Marrakech Experience and Challenges. SciTech Immuno-Microbiology, Women & Nursing 2023.
Received: May 12, 2023 Accepted: May 13, 2023 Published: May 13, 2023
Abstract
Objective: Is to initiate screening for neonatal deafness by pediatricians using THE otoacoustically induced emissions(OEAP).
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study spread over two months (February and March 2023),concerning newborns hospitalized in neonatal intensive care (RN) and those examined in the child birth suites (SC) of the CHU Mohammed VI in Marrakech. Screening is done by two OEAP tests. If the first test was negative, second was carried out during the first follow-up consultation or after being summoned.
Results: 519 newborns were successfully screened (49.8% were girls and 51.2% were boys), 459 (88.43%) at the postpartum level and 60 (11.57%) at the of the RN. The average age of screening was 2.1 days[6.3 days for RN and 1.12 days at SC level]. 294 (56.6%) showed a positive response from the first test against a unilateral or bilateral negative response in 225 cases (43.4%)[190 from SC and 35 from RN]. Of these 225 newborns, only 87 (38.6%)[57 from SC and 30 from RN] responded to our invitation and they benefited from a second test within our service with an average delay of 18.5 days [7 days, 30 days]. Geographical and social constraints have been major excuses for not returning to auditory control. This second test made it possible to obtain a favorable bilateral response in 68 newborns (78.16%). An absence of uni- or bilateral response was noted in 19 patients (21.84%) including 13 (68.42%) for the RN and 6 (31.58) at the SC level. The latter were sent to the ENT department to perform an auditory evoked potential under general anesthesia and their results will be communicated to us later. Regarding hospitalized patients, they all have at least 2 risk factors for deafness. Hospitalization for more than 48 hours with the use of ototoxic drugs represent the most common risk factors (97% and 88%) in our series.
Conclusion: Our preliminary evaluation, revealing beside its results several technical and organizational challenges, shows that the early detection of neonatal deafness deserves to be continued in our establishment as well as on the national scale.
