Hemorrhages of the First Trimester of Pregnancy in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department in A Tertiary Hospital in Burkina Faso: Diagnosis and Prognosis
Komboigo Bewendin Evelyne1,2*, Yameogo Barnabe2, Togbe Eric2, Daouega Blaise3, Dembele Adama1,2, Some Der Adolphe1,2, Ouattara Souleymane1,2, Thieba Blandine3,4
1Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Nazi Boni University, 01 BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
2SourôSanou University Hospital Center, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
3 YalgadoOuedraogo teaching hospital (YOTH), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
4Health Science Training and Research Unit of Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Citation: Evelyne KB, Barnabe Y, Eric T, Blais D, Adama D et al (2023) Hemorrhages of the First Trimester of Pregnancy in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department in A Tertiary Hospital in Burkina Faso: Diagnosis and Prognosis. SciTech Immuno-Microbiology, Women & Nursing 2023.
Received: May 15, 2023 Accepted: May 16, 2023 Published: May 16, 2023
Abstract
Objective of the study: To study hemorrhages in the first trimester of pregnancy in the obstetrics and gynecology department of Yalgado Ouedraogo teaching hospital (YOTH).
Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study including all patients admitted for hemorrhage in the first trimester of pregnancy. The collection method was retrospective over a 12-month period from 1stJanuary to 31thDecember, 2019 in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the YOTH.
Results: During the study period, out of 10,290 admissions, 9,651 cases of pregnancies, including 330 cases of first trimester hemorrhage, representing a frequency of 3.21% of admissions and 3.42% of pregnancies. The average age was 28.5 years. Gestational age ranges from 5 to 9 weeks, accounting for 57.95% of cases. All the patients in our series are presented to the emergency room with metrorrhagia. Pelvic pain was present in 46.64%.The positive diagnosis and impact were made possible by pelvic ultrasound (90.99%), hemogram (89.18%) and β-HCG assay (29.10%). The main causes were abortion (58.96%), ectopic pregnancy (29.85%) and molar pregnancy (11.19%).Management was performed by uterine evacuation by administration of misoprostol (37.69%) and by intrauterine manual aspiration (26.87%) and by laparotomy (29.85%).Complications were noted in 19.40% of cases, the main of which were severe anemias (15%) and infections (2.61%). Resuscitation measures concerned 32.84% of the cases and 15% of the patients received a transfusion. The average length of hospital stay was 3.5 days. The good maternal prognosis most often contrasted with that of the embryo or fetus which was dark with 99.25% abortion.
Conclusion: hemorrhages in the first trimester of pregnancy developed a serious condition which can jeopardize the life-threatening maternal and fetal. Only early diagnosis, rigorous monitoring of risky pregnancies and patient awareness can improve the prognosis.
Keywords: Hemorrhage, Pregnancy, First trimester, YOTH
