Objective: The aim of the current work was to estimate the metabolic and hormonal parameters in osteoarthritic patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Patients and Methods: Sixty patients who visited to the National Diabetic Center/Al-Mustansiriyah University between 2016 and 2017 with the age of (45–65) years were employed in this study. Fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin, (HbA1c), serum insulin, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined in this study.

Results: A significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in FSG, HbA1c, serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was found in osteoarthritic patients with DM as compared to those without DM, While there was a significant decrease(p ≤ 0.05) in serum LH and FSH in osteoarthritic patients with DM as compared to those without DM. Moreover, there was an elevation in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALP activity, and LH/FSH ratio in osteoarthritic patients with DM as compared to those without DM, but theywere not significant.

Conclusions: This study revealed high levels of serum glucose and lipids in osteoarthritic patients with low levels of LH and FSH in osteoarthritic patients with DM, which is indicative of irregular feedback mechanism in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis of these diabetic group.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Type 2 DM, Metabolic syndrome, Lipid profile, LH, and FSH