Aims: To screen aqueous extract of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) for total phenolic content and antimitotic, cytotoxic and anticancer activities.
Materials and Methods: The roots of Abelmoschus manihot (L) were extracted with distilled water solvent by maceration method. The plant extract is subjected to study total phenolic content method. The extract is also tested for their in vitro antimitotic activity in Allium cepa root and cytotoxic activity tested on brine shrimp larvae. The anticancer activity of aqueous extract of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) is also tested on PA-I human cell lines. Phytochemical analysis is done by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Result and Conclusion: The preliminary phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) showed presence of high amount of total phenolic content in 100 µg was found to be 33.43 µg of gallic acid equivalent. In Allium assay, aqueous extract of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) (10 mg/ml) and methotrexate showed significant concentration dependant inhibitory influence against the dividing cells of Allium roots and decreased root growth and mitotic index as compared to control distilled water. In cytotoxic activity, aqueous extract of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) in 1mg/ml shows toxic effect to kill nauplii in lower concentration. In anticancer activity, of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) inhibited growth of PA-I cells at IC50 values was found to be 40 µg/mL as compared with standard drug Cisplatin having IC50 values is 2.5 µg/mL. Phytochemical analysis of extracts indicated the presence of flavanoids, tannins and gallic acid. Based on these results, it is concluded that of roots Abelmoschus manihot (L) may be a good for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Keywords: Allium cepa, Anticancer, Antimitotic, Cytotoxic, Gallic acid and High-performance liquid chromatography.
