Background: One of the goals of nursing is to provide safe patient care and medical errors are one of the most important threats in this field. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the status of error reporting culture and determine its relationship with demographic characteristics.

Methods: This descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out among 239 nurses of amiralmomenin and bouali hospitals. First, face validity and then content validity were performed by 15 nursing experts and the questionnaire was distributed and collected. The normal distribution of data was confirmed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The reliability and construct validity were performed with Cronbach’s Alpha test and

exploratory factor analysis by PCM. The status of reporting culture was determined by computing descriptive statistics and its relation with demographic variables with Pearson correlation test and logistic regression test with SPSS software version 16.

Results: The content validity with CVR &CVI of 0.820 and 0.920 were confirmed. The reporting culture was favourable with a mean and standard deviation of 2.674 and 0.475. The reliability with Cronbach's alpha of 0.747 and the construct validity with a KMO of 0.727 and Significance of the Bartlett test were confirmed and 3 subscales were extracted. The relationship between age and work experience with the reporting culture with a correlation of 0.009 and 0.013 with a significant < 0.05 were rejected But with the variable of gender(=female) with a chance of 2.536 and the significant of 0.006 was confirmed.

Conclusion: Developing a safety culture in hospitals by implementing various health programs improves the reporting culture, but the mental climate is undesirable and requires major steps to reduce worries and negative outcomes after reporting. The presence of female nurses in comparison with men improves the error reporting

culture. Perhaps the main reason is patriarchy in Iranian culture.