Background: Prostate cancer (CaP) is most commonly diagnosed non-dermatological solid malignancy with a high metastatic rate. The growing prevalence of cancer survivors was estimated to be over 28 million worldwide. CaP is the second most common cancer in males of USA and high incidence has been reported in United Kingdom, African, Brazilian and Pakistani men. p53 has an important role in CaP. It plays an critical role in cancer metastasis. The tumor suppressor gene, p53, was found to be at the center of hub of significant biological pathways   Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) is a convenient in vivo index of lipid peroxidation. It is a non-invasive biomarker of oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could activate some specific signaling pathways that contribute to tumor development by regulating cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis processes. Current study was designed to determine correlation between expression of p53 and MDA levels in CaP as compared to normal control.

 

Methods: This is a Cross-sectional analytical study which was conducted at Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology & Department of Urology, Rawalpindi, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad over a period of one year. Study included 26 samples. Expression of p53 and levels of MDA were determined by real time qPCR and ELISA technique respectively.

Results: It has been seen that CaP is an age related disease. We have compared mean value of MDA in CaP and control group, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.002). Gleason score 8 showed statistically significant increase in MDA as compare to control group among all other Gleason score (6, 7 and 9). There was no significant increase in different groups of Gleason score 6, 7, 8 and 9. Optimum annealing temperature required for annealing of our designed primers in optimum conditions was 55.6oC. We have compared mean CT value of CaP with control group, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Expression of p53 was 0.18 folds decrease in CaP as compared to control group. There was a weak inverse correlation between expression of p53 and MDA in CaP group.

               

Conclusions: MDA may be used as bio-marker to determine progression of CaP. Expression of p53 may also be utilized as a good biological marker for diagnosis of CaP. Moreover, more studies should be carried out to find the pathway involved in inverse correlation of expression of p53 and MDA in CaP.

 

Keywords: Prostate cancer (CaP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Gleason scoring