Vascular growth is vital for every aspect of tumor growth. Cocciniagrandis is one of the medicinal plants in many countries because of its diverse ethnomedicinal uses. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of C. grandisethanolic leaf extract using the Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (CAM) in Anasplatyrhynchos. Thirty pieces of six-day-old duck eggs were used in the study with triplicates in each treatment namely: positive control (vitamin A), negative control (ethanol), and C. grandisethanolic extracts in 1µg/mL, 3µg/mL, and 5µg/mL. These were then applied to six-day old duck embryos and were incubated at 37°C with 65.5% humidity. The eggs were then harvested on the tenth day of incubation. The antiangiogenic effect of C. grandisethanolic leaf extract was evaluated by taking the average number of branch points using the chorioallantoic membrane. Results revealed that in negative control angiogenesis was induced while in the different treatments of the ethanolic leaf extracts, inhibition reduced significantly. Statistical analysis supports that there was a significant difference in the antiangiogenic effect of C. grandisethanolic leaf extract using the CAM assay on the vascularization of duck embryos. It further showed that the higher the dosage, the lesser the branch points and the smaller the ducks. Moreover, based on the phytochemical analysis of C. grandisethanolic leaf extract it contains alkaloids and tannins which are responsible for the anti-angiogenic property and antiproliferative effects of the extract. Thus, it indicated that C. grandisethanolic leaf extract may have a potential and promising source of chemotherapeutic agent against tumors.

Keywords: Anti-angiogenesis, Branch points, CAM assay, Ethanolic leaf extract, Tumor