Cardiorheumatology is one of the relevant areas of modern research with a significant number of unresolved issues.  Systemic inflammation leads to the progression of atherosclerosis, changes in the morphofunctional parameters of the myocardium, an increase in the number of repeated hospitalizations, and a worsening of the prognosis.

Materials and methods. This review presents modern groups of immunological markers: direct myocardial damage, secondary angiogenesis, myocardial fibrosis, and markers of general vascular risk, which have significant potential in assessing the course of chronic heart failure against the background of rheumatoid arthritis.

Results. The presented groups of markers are not discussed in modern clinical guidelines for the management of patients with heart failure, however, they have significant associations with such indicators as natriuretic peptides, left ventricular ejection fraction, and parameters of diastolic dysfunction, which can be used in daily practice. 

Conclusion. Immunological diagnostics for assessing the course of cardiovascular diseases associated with comorbid pathologies is currently an actively developing field. This direction is especially relevant for patients with chronic heart failure and rheumatoid arthritis due to the close association of autoimmune inflammation with the development of heart failure. Markers such as galectin-3, pentraxin-3, transforming growth factor beta, γ-carboxyglutamate, neopterin, and vascular endothelial growth factor can predict early signs of decompensation of heart failure. 

Keywords: Chronic heart failure, Rheumatoid arthritis, Galectin-3, Pentraxin-3, Transforming growth factor beta, γ-carboxyglutamate, Neopterin, Vascular endothelial growth factor