The developing countries are facing deterioration of the air quality; many factors have incremented, the most important are the traffic sector and the rapid industrialization. The situation which prevails in emerging countries is not known enough. We consider actually that in Algeria, every year 10 to 12 million inhabitants consult for acute episodes of respiratory diseases. Number of these episodes is directly linked to exposure to air pollution. During the period of April 2013 to March 2015, 20606 patients were received in our consultations. The respiratory symptoms have represented 11.23% of the reason for consultation; more part of patients was female with a mean age of 42. The main reason for consultation was asthma (28.51%). The upper respiratory tract infection represented 28.38%. COPD represented 73.4% of inpatients, essentially people with comorbidity.
The daily average level of the PM10 was 53 μg/m3. There is a correlation between the daily levels of particles PM10 and the mortality, the hospitalizations and the exacerbation of respiratory symptoms. The impact of the exposure to the PM10 represents 3.4% of all sanitary events. So, a decrease of the levels PM10 implies an improvement in public health. The monitoring and management of air pollution is a priority for environmental protection and public health.
