Background: The incidence of candiduria has increased significantly in recent years. A prospective study was carried out from January 1, 2017 to June 31, 2017 in the nephrology department at the Batna University Hospital, the aim of which is to determine the incidence of candiduria

Results: A total of 35 patients were included in our study, eight of them (22.85%) developed candiduria during their hospitalization. The majority of patients were women. The age group between 40-60 years was the most representative. Several risk factors were sought; the most frequently found were immunosuppressive treatment, corticosteroid therapy and broad- spectrum antibiotic therapy. Candida albicans was the most isolated species (62.5%).

This study demonstrated the role of candiduria as a potential risk factor for systemic infection (candidemia); three cases of candidemia were diagnosed in patients with high candiduria

The death rate in our study was (37. 5%), they all had candidemia.

Conclusion: Candiduria can be associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is a major risk factor for systemic infections. Early post-transplantation screening is therefore essential.

Keywords: Candiduria, Renal transplant recipients, Candidemia, Candida albicans.